Let's keep in mind that Tolkien was a Christian and therefore necessarily knew Jesus Christ and, while it is not conscious, there can be identified many examples of Christian allegory in his work.
The Bible tells us to refrain from taking revenge because God/Providence will take revenge on those who have wronged us. This is similar to the "what goes around, comes around" principle. As Gandalf says, it is not our place to deal out retribution. When Frodo spares Saruman, Wormtongue is driven to finish him. If you show pity, pity will be shown to you, though not necessarily by the fallible mortal. Worry about your own deeds, and not about whether or not your enemy is receiving his dues.
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"'You," he said, "tell her all. What good came to you? Do you rejoice that Maleldil became a man? Tell her of your joys, and of what profit you had when you made Maleldil and death acquainted.'" -Perelandra, by C.S. Lewis
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