As Voronwe has previously said, Physics considers two kinds of parallel universes, and I think that in this thread both kinds are being mixed up.
The first kind comes from pure quantum mechanics theory, when trying to avoid the Uncertainty of the Heisenberg principle in the Universe. There are two ways of seeing the behaviuor of quantum particles:
1.- the properties of the particles are not defined (not that we cannot measure them, they are not defined) and all taht we can do is express them with the aid of probability. This pont of view is hold by most of the Physicists, and was most defended by the Copenhagen school, lead by Bohr.
2.- the properties of the particles are defined in each one of the parallel Universes, but we don't know in which Universe we actually are until we measure its property. If a particle has a probability of 1/3 of being in place A and 2/3 of being in place B, this means that there exist 3 parallel universes, in one of the the particle is in place A and in the other 2 is in place B.
This kind of parallel universe is the one that has been mostly debated here, but for me, as a Physicist and as a Catholic, this parallel Universes don't make sense. As a physicist, as Voronwe has said, because they are useless. And as a Catholic, because free will and soul are impossible in parallel universes. For this second reason, for me it is also impossible to consider Middle-Earth as a parallel universe. If so, there should be millions of 'Middle-Earth' parallel universes (one in which Bilbo never gets the Ring, one in which the Gandalf does'nt scape form Saruman, one in which Frodo is killed at Weathertop, ... and so on).
The second kind of parallel universes (known as universe bubbles), as Voronwe has already said, has come as a result of the combination of quantum mechanics and general relativity. In this theories, the Universe requires something like 11 dimensions to be explained. As we only can notice 4 of them, this theory says that in the other dimensions there could exist a number of different universes.
In my opinion, this second kind of parallel Universe, could be an explanation for the current situation of the Undying Lands. They are not inside our four-dimensional universe, but are still inside the 11-dimensional universe.
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But it is said that not until that hour had such cold thoughts ruled Finrod; for indeed she whom he had loved was Amarië of the Vanyar, and she went not with him into exile.
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