Quote:
The tharni, we are told, was a silver coin, the fourth part of a castar. The tharni may thus have been equivalent to the silver pennies of Eriador.
The Elven equivalents for tharni and castar were canath (from kanat-, 'four') and mirian (from mir, 'a jewel or precious thing').
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I think from the above passage from the Martinez essay that the coinage of both Gondor & Arnor was originally Numenorean & had its origin in Elven coinage. Probably then all the areas of M-e which came under Numenorean influence in the Second Age would have had a similar coinage.