Democracy has nothing to do with the population of ME so back to subject.
From what I know Tolkien really didn't want to get into the details of the races and countries. I say this for one because in one of his letters he was asked about the economy of Gondor and other places, and he said something to the affect that it was not something he wanted to do because of its tediousness. Although he does give us hints through sizes of armies, people gathered in together, and fractions and percentages of of groups, armies and such.
But I would say other than that he left it up to the reader's imagination.
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