What is "magic" and what properties can one wield from it?

[Paradus]

Greetings everyone.

I'm a first time poster to the barrowdowns but a long, long time reader of sir Tolkiens masterpieces of which we all know so well.

To start things off I have a question of which I'm fairly mystified on which is more or less the power of "magic".

Now I'm not talking about the supernatural or divinely powers of the valar but of power of magical crafting, spells, enchantment etc.

As we know magic is is disipled as magic to the likes of men, hobbits etc, where the elves for instance see it as a natural part of their being if you will.( i think at least?)

Of course their are cases where truely unnatural effects happen i.e the witchkings sword of flame, the magic powers of the istari, the glowing of glamdring and sting, the rings of power, the mirror of galadriel, the palantir's etc.

So my question is as in the title: What is "magic" and what properties can one wield and craft from it?

cheers.