Arwen's Mortality

[Legolas]

Why then didn't Aragorn, also a descendant from a half-elf get to choose? or if not Aragorn, as he was far too removed, why not the first few kings of Numenor?

It's in the details.

As I said, "because Elrond married a full elf, Celebrian, the choice was also extended to his children by her." Elladan, Elrohir, and Arwen had new immortal blood. That's how Tolkien explains it in Letter No. 153.

The view is that the Half-elven have a power of (irrevocable) choice, which may be delayed but not permanently, which kin's fate they will share. Elros chose to be a King and 'longaevus' but mortal, so all his descendants are mortal, and of a specially noble race, but with dwindling longevity: so Aragorn (who, however, has a greater life-span than his contemporaries, double, though not the original Númenórean treble, that of Men). Elrond chose to be among the Elves. His children - with a renewed Elvish strain, since their mother was Celebrían dtr. of Galadriel - have to make their choices.

The next, hypothetical step is Arwen, Elladan, and Elrohir - if they choose immortality and marry elves, do their children get to pick as well? No. Their decision had to be made by a) staying in Middle-earth (mortal) or b) leaving with or shortly after their father (immortal). Once in Aman, the bloodline's fusion into the elven is complete.