Of the Founding of Nargothrond and Gondolin

[ArcusCalion]

While scouring Concerning Galadriel and Celeborn for any more bits I could use, I found something in Appendix E that I figured we were lacking at the moment: the translation and etymology of Celeborn's name. Therefore, as this is his first appearance in the narrative, I figured we could add it in here as a footnote, like so:

NG-EX-04.92<Concerning Galadriel and Celeborn In Doriath {she}Galadriel met Celeborn, NG-EX-04.93 <The Names of Galadriel and Celeborn [Footnote: {the}The ancient stem of the Elvish word for ‘silver’ was kyelep-, becoming celeb in Sindarin. {, telep-, telpe in Telerin, and tyelep-, tyelpe in Quenya. But in Quenya the form telpe became usual, through the influence of Telerin; for the Teleri prized silver above gold, and their skill as silversmiths was esteemed even by the Noldor. Thus Telperion was more commonly used than Tyelperion as the name of the White Tree of Valinor. (Alatáriel was also Telerin; its Quenya form was Altáriel.)
The name Celeborn when first devised was intended to mean "Silver Tree"; it was the name of the Tree of Tol Eressëa (The Silmarillion p.59). Celeborn's close kin had "tree-names" (p.244): Galadhon his fa¬ther, Galathil his brother, and Nimloth his niece, who bore the same name as the White Tree of Númenor. In my father's latest philological writings, however, the meaning "Silver Tree" was abandoned: the}The second element of Celeborn (as the name of a person) was derived from the ancient adjectival form ornā ‘uprising, tall,’ rather than from the related noun ornē ‘tree.’ (Ornê was originally applied to straighter and more slender trees such as birches, whereas stouter, more spreading trees such as oaks and beeches were called in the ancient language galada ‘great growth;’ but this distinction was not always observed in Quenya and disappeared in Sindarin, where all trees came to be called galadh, and orn fell out of common use, surviving only in verse and songs and in many names both of persons and of trees.)]> grandson of Elmo the brother of Thingol>

[Findegil]

NG-EX-04.93: Agreed.

Respectfully
Findegil

[ArcusCalion]

Originally Posted by Findegil

- Celeborn in ‘Of the Founding of Nargothrond and Gondolin’:
Yes I think we should include this, so we might better use the original source texts for the edit:

... Finrod had help of Dwarves in extending the underground fortress of Nargothrond. It is supposed originally to have been a hall of the Petty-dwarves (NG-EX-04.7{Nibinnogs}[Noegyth Nibin]), but the Great Dwarves despised these, and had no compunction in ousting them NG-EX-04.8{ - hence Mîm's special hatred for the Elves -} especially for great reward. Finrod had brought more treasure out of Tuna than any of the other princes.
>Yet Galadriel his sister dwelt NG-EX-04.9{never}[not] in Nargothrond, but remained in Doriath and received the love of Melian, and abode with her, and there learned great lore and wisdom concerning Middle-earth.> NG-EX-04.92<Concerning Galadriel and Celeborn In Doriath {she}Galadriel met Celeborn, grandson of Elmo the brother of Thingol> NG-EX-04.95<Shiboleth , whom she wedded later in Beleriand.> NG-EX-04.97<Concerning Galadriel and Celeborn Elmo{ – a shadowy figure about whom nothing is told save that he} was the younger brother of Elwë (Thingol) and Olwë, and was {"}beloved of Elwë with whom he remained.{" (}Elmo's son was named Galadhon, and his sons were Celeborn and Galathil; Galathil was the father of Nimloth, who wedded Dior Thingol's Heir and was the mother of Elwing. By this genealogy Celeborn was a kinsman of Galadriel, the grand-daughter of Olwë of Alqualondë.
> NG-EX-05 <LQ2 Now Turgon remembered rather the City set upon a Hill, Tirion the fair with its Tower and Tree, and he found not what he sought, and returned to {Nivrost}[Nevrast], and sat at peace in Vinyamar by the shore. …

- Celeborn as kinsmen of Nimloth: This is already include under the editorial maker RD-EX-66

- Celeborn escaping the sack of Doriath: I think this we should tell in retrospective, as we do with the story of Galadriel leaving Beleriand before the end of the First Age.

Respectfully
Findegil

I am placing this here for Aiwendil's convenience and to keep all the proposed and agreed edits in one thread. This arose out of our discussion in the Galadriel and Celeborn thread about introducing Celeborn to the story where we discussed adding him in using CT's additions from the Sil77, and ultimately Fin proposed this, to which I agreed.

[ArcusCalion]

While reading through Beren and Lúthien, I came upon this footnote in the chapter The Return of Beren and Lúthien According to the Quenta Noldorinwa:

A later version of the story concerning the Nauglamír told that it had been made by craftsmen of the Dwarves long before for Felagund, and that it was the sole treasure that Húrin brought from Nargothrond and gave to Thingol. The task that Thingol then set the Dwarves was to remake the Nauglamír and in it to set the Silmaril that was in his possession. This is the form of the story in the published Silmarillion.

This note has many many ramifications for the entire Ruin of Doriath text which the project has made, but setting it aside for the time being, in our present text, we have no mention of the Nauglamír until it is set upon the neck of Thingol already named. We must give some account of its origin, and although I am no expert in the texts, it would seem that the only two accounts are 1) the Lost Tales account, and 2) the mention in this footnote which was adopted in the Sil77. Therefore, since the version used in the Sil77 is the later of the two, I propose that even if we change nothing about the Ruin of Doriath text, we include the account of its making from the Sil77 here in this chapter. Like so:

.... Finrod had brought more treasure out of Túna than any of the other princes.> NG-EX-04.85 <Sil77 And in that time was made for him the Nauglamír, the Necklace of the Dwarves, most renowned of their works in the Elder Days. It was a carcanet of gold, and set therein were gems uncounted from Valinor; but it had a power within it so that it rested lightly on its wearer as a strand of flax, and whatsoever neck it clasped it sat always with grace and loveliness.>
Yet Galadriel his sister ....

EDIT: Having discussed the note in the thread of the Ruin of Doriath with Aiwendil, we decided to keep the draft the same. So we don't need to do this change.

[Findegil]

In the ‘new’ book The Nature of Middle-earth we find in Part Three: The World, its Lands, and its Inhabitants the chapter VII: The Founding of Nargothrond. The text that the editor Carl F. Hostetter provided is an extract of a text of JRR Tolkien dated to 1969. Hostetter has striped it ‘without indication’ of ‘many passages of primary linguistic and etymological matters’. As is to expected, this text has some influence on what we have edited so fare. Here is how I would combine it with our text:

17 The Founding of Nargothrond and Gondolin
§100 But on a time Turgon left {Nivrost}[Nevrast] where he dwelt and went to visit {Inglor}[Finrod] his friend, and they journeyed southward along Sirion, … But unquiet was upon them ever after and doubt of what should befall, and they wandered often alone in NG-EX-02 <LQ1 {unexplored country}[untrodden lands]>, seeking far and wide for places of hidden strength; for it seemed to each that he was bidden to prepare for a day of evil, and to establish a retreat, lest Morgoth should burst from Angband and overthrow the armies of the North. NG-EX-02.5 <NoME, The Founding of Nagothrond Finrod was visited by dark forebodings – he was the wisest and most farseeing of the chieftains of the Noldor – that Morgoth was only biding his time, and would break and overwhelm the ring of besiegers. He therefore made great journeys, exploring the lands, especially in southern and western Beleriand.>
NG-EX-03 <LQ2 {§101 Thus it came to pass that Inglor found the deep gorge of Narog and the caves in its western side; and he built their a stronghold and armories after the fashion of the deep mansions of Menegroth. And he called this place Nargothrond, and made there his home with many of his folk; and the Gnomes of the North, at first in merriment, called him on this account Felagund, or Lord of Caverns, and that name he bore thereafter until his end. But Turgon went alone into hidden places, and by the guidance of Ulmo found the secret vale of Gondolin; and of this he said naught as yet, but returned to Nivrost and his folk.} And it came to pass that {Inglor}[Finrod] and Galadriel were on a time the guests of Thingol and Melian; for there was friendship between the lord of Doriath and the House of {Finrod}[Finarfin] that were his kin, and the princes of that house alone were suffered to pass the girdle of Melian. Then {Inglor}[Finrod] was filled with wonder at the strength and majesty of Menegroth, with its treasuries and armories and its many-pillared halls of stone; and it came into his heart that he would build wide halls behind everguarded gates in some deep and secret place beneath the hills. And he opened his heart to Thingol, and when he departed Thingol gave him guides, and they led him westward over Sirion. Thus it was that {Inglor}[Finrod] found the deep gorge of the River Narog NG-EX-03.1{, and the caves in its steep further shore;}<NoME, The Founding of Nagothrond {[The Sindarin stem] philig is mostly confined to specific places in the old tales of Beleriand. Its chief interest comes from its use in the “title” or by-name of King Finrod Felagund (said traditionally to have meant ‘den-dweller’ or specifically ‘brock, badger’).[Footnote to the text: This nick-name was probably actually given to Finrod not by the Dwarves but by the Sons of Fëanor at least partly in derision. There was no great love between the Sons of Fëanor and the children of Finarphin, though they hid their enmity at need. (As when Curufin and Caranthir dwelt in the shelter of Nargothrond after the defeat of the Elves by Morgoth in the North). Moreover the sons of Fëanor had much communication with the Dwarves of Nogord and Belegost.] This puzzeled the earlier loremasters since the ending -gund could not be interpreted from Eldarin. The Sindarin word fela could be derived from a stem phelga or philga. It was used of minor excavations made by wild animals as dens or lairs, and also as temporary dwellings by wandering folk, Dwarfish or Elvish; it was usually distinguished from lager caves of geological formation used and extended by stone-workers. It was thus naturally used of the “setts” of badgers (which seem to have existed in in great numbers in parts of Beleriand).}There were a number of{ such} fili (pl. of felaNG-EX-03.3{, < *felƺi < phelgai}<moved from above into a footnote [Footnote ot the text: The Sindarin word fela could be derived from a stem {phelga}PHELGA or {philga}PHILGA. It was used of minor excavations made by wild animals as dens or lairs, and also as temporary dwellings by wandering folk, Dwarfish or Elvish; it was usually distinguished from lager caves of geological formation used and extended by stone-workers. It was thus naturally used of the “setts” of badgers (which seem to have existed in in great numbers in parts of Beleriand).]>) on the west bank of the lower Narog river where it flowed along the feet of the great hills, “the hunters’Wold”. But they were made or at least long occupied by Dwarves, of the strange and sinister kind known as the Petty Dwarves NG-EX-04.7b<moved from below ({Nibinnogs}[Noegyth Nibin]): in origin, as was later known, descended from Dwarves banished for evil deeds from the great mansions of their kind.
{During the Sige of Angband, while Morogth was (or seemed to be) contained in his fortress by the Elvish armies and most of Beleriand had peace, Finrod was visited by dark forebodings – he was the wisest and most farseeing of the chieftains of the Noldor – that Morgoth was only biding his time, and would break and overwhelm the ring of besiegers. He therefore made great journeys, exploring the lands, especially in southern and western Beleriand.} It is told that when {he}Finrod came upon the Narog rushing down its steep course under the hills’ shadow, he resolved to make there a secret fortress and store-houses against evil days, if he could; but the river could not be crossed at that place, and in the far banks he saw the opening of many caves. The tale of his dealings with the Petty Dwarves who still lingered there, remnant of a once more numerous folk, is told elsewhere. But during the years of peace that still remained Finrod carried out his design, and established the great mansions that were latter called Nargothrond (< Narog + ost-rond), the cavernous halls beside the Narog. In his labour he had at first help from the Petty Dwarves and their feigned friendship; for which he rewarded them generously until Mîm their chieftain made an attempt to murder him in his slepp{ and was driven out into the wild}.NG-EX-04.6b < HoMe 12; The Dwarvish origin of the name Felagund But Finrod had help of {Dwarves in extending the underground fortress of Nargothrond. It is supposed originally to have been a hall of the Petty-dwarves (Nibinnogs), but }the Great Dwarves. These despised {these}the Petty Dwarves, and had no compunction in ousting them <moved from above into the wild>NG-EX-04.8b - hence Mîm's special hatred for the Elves - especially for great reward. Finrod had brought more treasure out of Tuna than any of the other princes.
>{ and he}Finrod delved there a stronghold and armories after the fashion of the mansions of Menegroth. And he called that place Nargothrond, and made there his home with many of his folk; and the {Gnomes}[Elves] of the North, at first in jest, called him on this account Felagund, NG-EX-04 <LQ2[Footnote ot the text: NG-EX-04.1 <NoME, The Founding of Nagothrond {[]The Sindarin stem{] philig} PHILIG is mostly confined to specific places in the old tales of Beleriand. Its chief interest comes from its use in the “title” or by-name of King Finrod Felagund (said traditionally to have meant ‘den-dweller’ or specifically ‘brock, badger’).{[Footnote to the text:} This nick-name was probably actually given to Finrod not by the Dwarves but by the Sons of Fëanor at least partly in derision. There was no great love between the Sons of Fëanor and the children of Finarphin, though they hid their enmity at need. (As when Curufin and Caranthir dwelt in the shelter of Nargothrond after the defeat of the Elves by Morgoth in the North). Moreover the sons of Fëanor had much communication with the Dwarves of Nogord and Belegost.{]} This puzzeled the earlier loremasters since the ending -gund could not be interpreted from Eldarin.> This was in fact a {Dwarfish}[Dwarvish] name{; for Nargothrond was first made by the Dwarves, as is later recounted}. NG-EX-04.2<HoMe 12; The Dwarvish origin of the name Felagund Felagund: Dwarvish NG-EX-04.3 {√felek}FELEK hew rock, felak a tool like a broad-bladed chisel, or small axe-head without haft, for cutting stone; to use this tool. {√gunud}GUNUD equivalent of Eldarin s-rot NG-EX-04.4{[Footnote to the text: [Elsewhere in these notes. For the stem {rot}[u]ROT[/b], s-rot is given the meaning 'delve underground, excavate, tunnel', whence Quenya hrota 'dwelling underground, artificial cave or rockhewn hall', rotto 'a small grot or tunnel'.{]} gundu underground hall. felakgundu, felaggundu 'cave-hewer'. This name was given because of Finrod's skill in lighter stone-carving. He cut many of the adornments of the pillars and walls in Nargothrond. He was proud of the name. But it was often by others Eldarized into Felagon, as if it had the same ending (*-kano) as in Fingon, Turgon; and the first element was associated with Sindarin fael 'fair-minded, just, generous', Quenya faila (NG-EX-04.5{?} from {√phaya}PHAYA 'spirit', adjectival formation meaning 'having a good fëa, or a dominant fëa').]> or 'lord of caverns’, and that name he bore thereafter until his end.

Nargothrond
>Yet Galadriel his sister dwelt NG-EX-04.9{never}[not] in Nargothrond, …

Respectfully
Findegil